Aresearcher is comparing the species diversity of two islands. both islands are roughly equal in size. however, one island is much closer to the mainland. she determines that the s value for the island closer to the mainland is the s value for the island located farther from the mainland. in addition, she finds that the closer island's extinction rate is the extinction rate on the farther island.
a. lower than; higher than
b. higher than; lower than
c. lower than; the same as
d. the same as: lower than
e. higher than; the same as
f. the same as; higher than

higher than; the same as.

Explanation:

The Mac Arthur and Wilson theory of island bio geography states that island species is determined by the size and distance of island from the mainland. The island of large size and less distance accumulate more species.

The researcher compare the species of two island. According to the Wilson, she can determines that the S value is higher for the island located closer to mainland than from the island located far away. The extinction rate of both the islands are same.

Thus, the correct answer is option (e).

"1. it should be, it has been for about 20 years, and it's really not much different in the end than breeding animals to have particular traits. there are always concerns about genetically engineered animals/plants affecting the environment in unexpected negative ways, but i can't think of an example where the fears didn't turn out to be baseless.  

first, as you point out, it would be a great advance in pharmacology, to be able to tailor drugs and their doses to me. the pros involve better medical treatment. the cons involve privacy issues like insurance companies denying coverage to people with genetic risk factors. looking at dna markers wouldn't affect the frequency of genetic diseases, but it would allow detection of them earlier. and ok, actually i suppose that if people used this information to avoid having children with genetic diseases, some might decrease in frequency."