Which of the following is not a phase of the information processing mechanism?
a. reception
b. transduction
c. response
d. transformation
e. both a and c are correct

Transformation

Explanation:

Signal transduction can be defined as the process by which molecular transmission of signal from the exterior of the cell to its interior.

Signals that is received must be transferred effectively into the cell to ensure an appropriate response.

It involves the three main steps:

Reception: The reception of signals by the receptors present on the cell membrane.

Transduction: transferring of signals through various organelles inside the cell.  

Response: After receiving the signal appropriate response is generated.

Hence, transformation is not a part of information processing mechanism.

this protocol provides a detailed procedure for co-immunoprecipitation (co-ip) to identify protein–protein interactions.