1. double-ringed bases are purines exempt from chargaff's rules complementary with each other pyrimidines 2. which of the following is not a characteristic of chargaff’s rule #1? is also termed chargaff's ratio states that t = a and g = c states that dna composition varies among species states that the ratio of adenine to thymine is equal, as is the ratio of guanine to cytosine 3. what type of bonds are formed between complementary bases? triple carbon to carbon bonds hydrogen bonds ionic bonds polar covalent bonds 4. are single-ringed bases. guanines adenines purines pyrimidines

Considering the yellow and green pea color phenotypes studied by gregor mendel: a. what is the biochemical function of the protein that is specified by the gene responsible for the pea color phenotype? (1 point) b. a null allele of a gene is an allele that does not specify (or encode) any of the biochemical function that the gene normally provides (in other words, either no protein at all or only non-functional protein is produced from it). of the two alleles, y and y, which is more likely to be a null allele? (1 point) c. in terms of the underlying biochemistry, why is the y allele dominant to the y allele? (2 points) d. why are peas that are yy homozygotes green? (1 point) e. the amount of protein produced from a gene is roughly proportional to the number of functional copies of the gene carried by a cell or individual. what do the phenotypes of yy homozygotes, yy heterozygotes, and yy homozygotes tell us about the amount of sgr enzyme needed to produce a yellow color? explain your reasoning. (2 points)

How does a gymnosperm prevent itself from pollinating the same tree

Explain the source of radioactivity in uranium in earth’s crust by which it produces nuclear radiation