Which of the following could qualify as a top-down control on a grassland community? a) limitation of plant biomass by rainfall amount b) influence of temperature on competition among plants c) influence of soil nutrients on the abundance of grasses versus wildflowers d) effect of grazing intensity by bison on plant species diversity e) effect of humidity on plant growth rates

Select all the true statements about the cosmic microwave background radiation

Considering the yellow and green pea color phenotypes studied by gregor mendel: a. what is the biochemical function of the protein that is specified by the gene responsible for the pea color phenotype? (1 point) b. a null allele of a gene is an allele that does not specify (or encode) any of the biochemical function that the gene normally provides (in other words, either no protein at all or only non-functional protein is produced from it). of the two alleles, y and y, which is more likely to be a null allele? (1 point) c. in terms of the underlying biochemistry, why is the y allele dominant to the y allele? (2 points) d. why are peas that are yy homozygotes green? (1 point) e. the amount of protein produced from a gene is roughly proportional to the number of functional copies of the gene carried by a cell or individual. what do the phenotypes of yy homozygotes, yy heterozygotes, and yy homozygotes tell us about the amount of sgr enzyme needed to produce a yellow color? explain your reasoning. (2 points)

The intervention of extraterrestrials has been used to explain the bermuda triangle, a region of the atlantic ocean where ships and planes are frequently lost, leaving no evidence behind. how would this explanation best be characterized?