Some transcription signals are located thousands of base pairs upstream of the gene they regulate. how does the distant signal initiate transcription? (2 points) activation of the transcription signal releases a secondary messenger that binds to the start codon and initiates transcription. long regions of dna can loop over to enable regulatory connections. the distance between the transcription signal and the gene allows for preprogrammed delays in the start of transcription. the region between the transcription signal and the gene is an exon that is spliced out following activation of the transcription signal.

Long regions of DNA can loop over to enable regulatory connections.

Explanation:

Transcriptional factors (such as activators or repressors) are proteins that regulate gene expression by binding to DNA sequence (such as enhancers and silencers). Consequently, gene transcription might be turned on or off. Usually binding sites are located near the promoter (initiation of transcription). But when they are located far from the gene they regulate DNA flexibility plays a role. Formed DNA loops bring together binding sites and transcription factors.

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