The nonfunctional pelvis and hind limbs found in some snakes support which statement about evolution?

a) snakes began to evolve these structures, but selection pressures did not favor them.

b) mutations tend to make species evolve to resemble other species in their environment.

c) snakes evolved from the same common ancestor as species in which these structures are functional.

d) selection pressures promoting snake evolution ceased before snake anatomy was well adapted.

The answer is C. Snakes evolved from the same common ancestor as species in which these structures are functional.

Explanation:

The organs which apparently have no functional role in an organism but thought to be functional in past are called Vestigial Organs. One common example is the non functional Pelvis and hind Limbs in snakes. It is thought that snakes have evolved from reptiles. From fossil record it was predicted that many snakes like species were present in past and they had the pelvic bones while due to adaptation to the changing environment they lost the functional bones and evolved as snakes.  

hydroxyl -oh

alcohols, always polar, can form hydrogen bonds with h2o molecules

carboxyl -cooh  

cargoxylic acids, has acidic properties which is a source of hydrogen ions, found in cells in ionized for with a charge of oh-1

carbonyl > co

ketone if within skeleton, aldehyde if group is at the end of skeleton, k & a may be structural isomers, it determines 2 sugars (ketose & aldose)

amino -nh2

amines, acts as a base, it can pick up h+ ions from surrounding solution, ionized with charge of 1+

methyl ch2

addition to rna/dna affects and gene expression

phosphate -opo3 ²⁻

organic phosphates, contributes to negative charge to, molecule that it is a part of, and potential to react with h20

sulfhydryl -sh

thiols, cross-linking stabilize the protein, and it is structure