What causes a branch in a cladogram

Explanation:

A new branch in a cladogram is given when a new trait arises that sets apart those organisms from the rest of the clade. A clade is a group of organisms that share a common ancestor. Although the organisms within a clade and their shared ancestor will have similar characteristics each branch will have a unique character or trait.

kelp are large brown algae that live in cool, relatively shallow waters close to the shore. they grow in dense groupings much like a forest on land. these underwater towers of kelp provide food and shelter for thousands of fish, invertebrates, and marine mammal species.

e) all of the above