Several events might push ocean environments out of the temperature tolerance zones for reef-building corals. they include all but one of the events described below.
a) altered ocean circulation patterns and currents change temperatures throughout the global ocean.
b) global warming causes ice melting, which in turn dilutes the salt concentrations of the global ocean.
c) global climate change causes thermal stress as surface water temperatures in the oceans continue to rise.
d) thermal pollution of coastal waters due to the use of water as a coolant by power plants and industrial manufacturers.