Should the vaccination policy permit medical, religious, or philosophical exemptions? why or why not?

Yes. Some people have autoimmune diseases, where a vaccination would actually cause more harm than good. Regarding the philosophical aspect of this question, it would probably be better that it wasn't added as an exemption. The gray area here would be the religious aspect. I believe that as long as those who are 'religious exempt'  are homeschooled or put in their specific religion's school, that, I would hope, there would be no contact of those children to any other children who are not able to have a vaccination due to  medical problem. But I don't think any religion that puts children in harm should exist, such as those who prohibit vaccinations.

the correct answer is - d. china has a large and growing population.

the fact that china has a large (the biggest) population, and it is still growing, doesn't hinder the agriculture production in the country. in fact, it can for increased production in the agriculture, since there's more labor force, as well the sheer mass of people produces lots of scientists that come up with new inventions as to how to improve this sector. nice example is the inner mongolia region in china, in general dominated by the gobi desert, but few scientist came up with a nice idea as to how to make the region productive by using plants that are very resistant to droughts, so lots of people have been employed, and the region is becoming greener and greener each year, and the production of food in this region is also increasing.

the potatoes have high sugar concentrations and although these potatoes were different we could seethe effects that their sugar concentrations had in different environments. for example, the potatoes in sample a, were placed in pure water. this created a hypertonic environment and caused the potatoes to draw in water from its surroundings. we saw the opposite happen with the potatoes in sample b when placed in the sodium chloride solution. the potatoes in this case were in a hypotonic solution and therefore lost water to their surroundings.