Electron transport chains associated with atp production in plant cells are located in

a) the thylakoid membranes only.
b) the outer chloroplast membranes only.
c) the thylakoid and outer chloroplast membranes.
d) the thylakoid and mitochondrial inner membranes.
e) the mitochondrial inner membranes only.

D) the thylakoid and mitochondrial inner membranes.  

Explanation:

Electron transport chain in plant cells is used for extracting sunlight energy via redox reactions through the process of photosynthesis. This process occurs in chloroplast (thylakoid membrane), where light energy is transformed into chemical energy, that leads to the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. Formed H+ gradient is used for the ATP synthesis.

In all eukaryotes, including plants, electron transport chain is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation (production of ATP) through the action of ATP synthase.

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