You might find in the arctic. 1.) hydrophytes 2.) mesophytes 3.)xerophytes

3.)xerophytes

A xerophyte is a kind of plant that has modifications to persist in an ecosystem with limited flowing water, such as sand or a piece of ice- or snow-covered terrain in the Arctic regions or Alps. The leaves are slippery and formidable that limits loss of water and condensation. Examples of xerophytes incorporate pineapples, aloe, cacti and many more

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answer:

sequence 1- deletion

                  2- duplication

                  3- insertion

                  4- substitute

                  5- inversion

a. to encourage apoptosis