You have come across a dog, named cindy, that does not have a tail. interestingly, about half of all the puppies produced by this dog don't have a tail either. if the lack of tail is caused by a genetic mutation, what kind on mutation is this and where has this mutation most likely taken place?

a. a dominant mutation, in cindy's gametes.

b. a recessive mutation, in the cells that should normally have given rise to cindy's tail.

c. a recessive mutation, in the cells that should normally have given rise to cindy's and her puppies' tails.

d. a dominant mutation, in all of cindy's cells (including her gametes).

e. a dominant mutation, in a gamete of one of cindy's parents.

Two students are working together on an experiment that measures the effect of different liquid fertilizers on the thickness of plants’ stems. which is most likely to result in the greatest amount of error in their scientific experiment? a.one student measures the plant stem widths by using calipers. the other student measures the widths of the same plant stems again by using a different pair of calipers. b.one student measures the plant stem widths by using calipers. the other student types the measurements as they are taken into a computer spreadsheet. c.one student weighs liquids for the experiment by using a calibrated scale. the other student weighs liquids for the experiment by using a different calibrated scale.

Ascientist wanted to formulate a pill to attack a specific type of bacteria that infects the throat. which biological component would be best to use as a model for the pill's function? bacteriocytes phagocytes complement antibodies

What process decreases the salinity of ocean water? decreased precipitationdecreased melting of glaciersincreased evaporationincreased runoff from rivers