What is the different between tolerance and geographical range

Tolerance ranges – Different types of organisms have different tolerance ranges for the same factor. And in fact, the tolerance range of a single individual may change over time; individuals of a certain species of salmon, for example, start life in a freshwater stream, migrate out to the open ocean, and then come back to their home stream to reproduce.

Geographic range- Describes the spatial area where a species is found. Studies on the processes determining geographic range patterns address fundamental questions, which are very much at the heart of ecological research, on distribution and abundance of species. Geographic ranges are influenced by both abiotic and biotic factors.

Tolerance range:

The difference found when comparing uper limit specification with lower limit specification in a process is called tolerance range. Different species have different tolerance range.

Geographical range:

A geographic range limit is the geographic boundary beyond which a species does not occur, the limit or limits of the range of a species.

Geographic range describes the spatial area where a species is found. Studies on the processes determining geographic range patterns address fundamental questions, which are very much at the heart of ecological research, on distribution and abundance of species. Geographic ranges are influenced by both abiotic and biotic factors.

1) gene flow

- it is described as the transfer of genes from one population to another population so that frequency of gene is increased.

-a zebra migrates to join a different herd of zebras.

2) natural selection

- a mechanism of evolutionary change in which individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce whereas the others ( those that can not adapt) eliminate from the population.

-competition for sunlight leads to taller trees.

3) mutation

- permanent change in the nucleotide sequence of dna ( genetic material) that could have harmful or useful consequences.

-the dna of a snake changes to make its venom stronger.

4) genetic drift - it is a random phenomenon ( that occurs by chance such as fire) that results in change in the gene frequency in a small population.    

-a grassfire randomly sweeps through a population of buffalo and kills most of the animals.

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