Which of the following may create ethical issues to be discussed/debated in society? a. allowing insurance companies to require dna screens when people are applying for insurance. b. using genes from other organisms into food to make them bigger or more appealing to the consumer. c. cloning animals or humans to get dna to treat diseases. d. all of the above could raise ethical concerns.

D. All of the above could raise ethical concerns.

Explanation:

Genetic engineering involves the manipulation of genome of the organism so as to improve it's quality in terms of traits by adding new genes from different organism and deleting genes from the organism so as to treat genetic disorders and diseases.

The manipulation of food with addition of animal or plant gene can be considered unethical by the society as it is against the nature. It is disturbing the natural gene pool of the food crop species. Some of the human beings may not likely to eat chicken gene or animal gene in their vegetarian food.

Insurance company using DNA screens can be proved to unethical as some people may not likely to reveal if they have adopted a child or the child exhibit a paternity or maternity dispute.

Also cloning animals or humans to treat diseases can be unethical too. Due to the fact that a clone of human can produce huge disaster of identity individualization. It can claim identity of a normal human. The animal clone may not be fit for survival in the environment. Hence, will die due to lack of adaptation. This may lead to loss of life.

transcription is a process in which information is rewritten. it is something our cells must do, in a more specialized and narrowly defined way. in biology, transcription is the process of copying out the dna sequence of a gene in the similar alphabet of rna. it needs to happen in the nucleus because that's where the dna is. dna is always inside the nucleus unless the cell is dividing.

transcription is the first step in gene expression, which involves copying a gene's dna sequence to make an rna molecule. transcription is performed by rna polymerases. it has three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. rna molecules must be processed after transcription in eukaryotes.

explanation:

long version:

the protein synthesis consists two processes which are, transcription and translation. transcription takes place in the nucleus. it uses dna as a template to make an rna molecule. rna then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. transcription is the first part of the central dogma of molecular biology: dna → rna. it is the transfer of genetic instructions in dna to messenger rna (mrna). during transcription, a strand of mrna is made that is complementary to a strand of dna.  

these three stages are:

  initiation: in which   is the beginning of transcription.occuring when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

    elongation: in which is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

    termination: in which is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

1. b.

2. d.

3. a.

5. d.

6. c.

these are the only ones that i know, i hope this , and good luck.