What is the correct sequence in protein synthesis.

Step 1

Copy of one side of DNA strand is made (called mRNA, messenger RNA)

Step 2

mRNA moves to cytoplasm, then ribosome

Step 3

mRNA goes through ribosome 3 bases at a time

Step 4

transfer RNA (tRNA) matches up with the open DNA bases

Step 5

tRNA releases the amino acid at the top, which joins the chain of amino acids being produced

The correct answer is: C) 2, 4, 1, 3, 5.

Explanation:

Translation is the name of the process in which proteins are synthesized. For it to be possible, translation requires 1 mRNA molecule, tRNA molecules, and 1 ribosome (that is also made of RNA).

First, the mRNA (messenger RNA) is synthesized in the nucleus by using a DNA sequence as a template. This is how DNA is involved in protein synthesis. Now, this mRNA molecule, binds to a ribosome - which is a structure made of two subunits composed of rRNA. The mRNA sequence is read by the small subunit of the ribosome, while the large subunit binds to the tRNA (transfer RNA). Each tRNA molecule is specific for one of the 20 possible amino acids. For each group of 3 nucleotides (codon) in the mRNA, there's an anticodon provided by the tRNA molecule - this is how the mRNA sequence is read and translated into a protein. Once assembled the ribosome, the mRNA and tRNA, the amino acids carried by the tRNA will bond with one another and form a polypeptide. This process repeats itself until a stop codon in the mRNA appears and signals the end of the translation. When translation ends, the protein is complete, so the ribosome releases both the mRNA and the polypeptide.

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