Which of the following statements best explains the law of independent assortment

Of the following given choices;

Crossing over occurs in metaphase and leads to variation.

Sister chromatids separate in anaphase 2.

Homologous pairs randomly separate in anaphase I.

Non-sister homologs break off and reform on different chromosomes.

The answer is; Homologous pairs randomly separate in anaphase I.

Particular genes, as Medel discovered, were inherited independently from one another while others were inherited together (linked genes).  This it was determined that this independence of inheritance of particular genes alleles is due to their location on different chromosomes of the homologous pair. When the sister chromosomes separate during anaphase I of meiosis, the different genes alleles go to separate daughter cells.

any abiotic or biotic factor in an ecosystem that causes a population's size to slow or decrease is a limiting factor.