Read the article below and answer the following questions. "francesco redi was a scientist that performed an experiment to determine whether maggots formed from rotting meat. versions of his experiments are described below. the meat was placed in two beakers. one of the beakers was left open to the air. the other beaker was covered with a fabric that only allowed air to get in. as the meat rotted, flies landed on the meat in the open beaker but were unable to get to the meat with the fabric over it. after a few days, maggots appeared on the meat in the open beaker, but not in the closed beaker. in the next experiment, rotting meat was placed in two beakers. dead flies were placed in one beaker, and live flies were placed in the other beaker. both beakers were sealed, allowing no air in. maggots appeared in the beaker with live flies, but not in the beaker with dead flies." 1. explain how this experiment disproves the theory of spontaneous generation. (3 points)

Arrange the following in the correct sequence, from earliest to most recent, in which these plant traits originated. 1. sporophyte dominance, gametophyte independence 2. sporophyte dominance, gametophyte dependence 3. gametophyte dominance, sporophyte dependence a) 1 → 2 → 3 b) 2 → 3 → 1 c) 2 → 1 → 3 d) 3 → 2 → 1 e) 3 → 1 → 2

Astudent is looking through a microscope at some cells of an onion root tip. many of these cells are undergoing division since the root tip grows quickly and requires more cells. which cell most recently underwent metaphase? w x y z

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).