Lucas rubs a plastic ruler on his sweater. he waves the ruler above a pile of shredded paper and notices that the pieces of paper get attracted to the ruler. which attractive force is responsible for this?

The effect is due to static electricity when Lucas rubbed plastic ruler on the sweater he caused the ruler to become negatively charged due to rubbing creating a negative charge that is carried by electrons so when he waved above pieces of paper positive charges present in the atoms of paper became attracted to negatively charged ruler.

a. decomposes use carbon from dead organisms as fuel for cellular respiration, returning carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere.

the real answer is b. scintillation counter