What happends to an enzyme when it is exposed to temperatures above or below its optimal temperature

structure begins to break down (denature)

The particles with high kenetic energy

Explanation:

The first particles to evaporate from a liquid are those with the highest kinetic energy. When a liquid absorbs thermal or sound energy, its molecules speed up giving them higher kinetic energy. Typically, the particles or molecules at or just under the surface of the liquid escape into the gas phases first

it provides an alternative energy pathway for the reaction to proceed.

a catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction but is not consumed during the course of the reaction.

catalysts increase the rate of reaction without being used up. they do this by lowering the activation energy needed. with a catalyst, more collisions result in a reaction, so the rate of reaction increases. different reactions need different catalysts.

a catalyst works by providing an alternative reaction pathway to the reaction product. the rate of the reaction is increased as this alternative route has a lower activation energy than the reaction route not mediated by the catalyst.