Substances like oxygen pass through the cell without the use of energy and move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. this process is called

Diffusion

Explanation:

As substances like oxygen are non polar and are not dissolved in water they can diffuse through the cell membrane without the need of channel proteins whereas polar molecules would be repelled by the hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid bilayer an would need a channel protein

both anaerobic and aerobic respiration use glucose (or other carbohydrates), proteins and lipids to produce atp and nadh. cell uses those energy molecules, obtained from food and   breaks them down during the chemical reactions of respiration. in anaerobic respiration, nadh is regenerated to nad+ by enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (lactate is produced, e.g. in muscle cells) or by alcohol dehydrogenase where ethanol is produced (alcohol fermentation), while in aerobic respiration, electrons from nadh are deposited in the mitochondria to regenerate nad+ (electron transport chain. anaerobic respiration produces 2 atp per molecule of glucose compared to aerobic respiration where about 38 atp molecules are produced.