Describe the influence of temp. and substrate concentration on enzyme reaction

☆Enzyme réaction increases as temperature en creases. This is because it increases kinetic energy of the particles thus, greater rate of collision between particles, thus greater frequency of sucessful collision.

From low temp, enzyme activity is low due to the factor mentioned above. Temp increases proportionally with enzyme activity until it reaches optimum temperature= the maximum temperature at which an enzymatic reaction is the fastest.

Increasing temp above optinum temp causes the enzymes structure to change as high temperature destroys the weak hydrogen bonds causing the 3D shape of the enzyme to change.

Further increase in temp disrupts the remaining bonds thus altering the enzyme 's shape, this is called denaturing the enzyme. It causes the substrate not to have a complementary shape to the enzymes shape. Thus the lock and key hypothesis doesn't work.

☆Enzyme reaction increases proportional as substrate increases. This is because the enzymes active site is empty thus it has space for the substrate to fit in the active site.

But enzymatic reactions start to decrease as more and more substrate fills the active site, leaving fewer enzymes with unfilled active site. Substrate concentration reaches V max = when all the enzymes are completely filled and there is no longer space available. So enzyme reaction stops as there is a greater amount of substrate compared to enzyme.