How does a pump differ from a channel or a carrier? view available hint(s) how does a pump differ from a channel or a carrier? pumps are proteins but channels and carriers are formed by a special arrangement of phospholipids and cholesterol. pumps are integral membrane proteins while channels and carriers are peripheral membrane proteins. pumps require energy for transport, but channels and carriers do not use energy. pumps cannot create a concentration gradient but channels and carriers can?

Answer;

-Pumps require energy for transport because they move material against an electrochemical gradient, but channels and carriers do not use energy because they only facilitate diffusion down a molecule's or ion's electrochemical gradient.

Explanation;

-Permeability is conferred by two classes of membrane proteins, pumps and channels. Pumps use a source of free energy such as ATP or light to drive the thermodynamically uphill transport of ions or molecules. Pump action is an example of active transport.

-Channels, in contrast, enable ions to flow rapidly through membranes in a downhill direction. Channel action illustrates passive transport, or facilitated diffusion.

as resources become scarce because of population growth, the growth decreases after few years due to lack of resources and food.

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.