Sickle–cell anemia is caused when a mutation results in the replacement of glutamate with valine. which type of mutation is observed here?
chromosomal mutation
frameshift mutation
substitution mutation

The answer is c. substitution mutation
Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disease caused by a point mutation or a substitution mutation where one base is exchanged for another.
In this disorder, DNA sequence is changed in only one base pair, which is then transcribed into changed RNA sequence. The changed RNA sequence is translated into misformed protein containing valine instead of glutamine.

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