What does it mean for an atoms behavior if it is missing electrons in the valence shell?

According to this food web which of the following would be considered primary consumers

If your client can successfully complete two or more repetitions above the desired repetition range in the last set in two consecutive workouts for any given exercise, the load should be depending on your client's current physical abilities. increased by 1-5% increased by 2-10% increased by 5-15% increased by 10-20% none of these

Why is the statement not a hypothesis? sunflowers require soil and plenty of sunlight and water to grow and thrive.