John is a sheep rancher in montana who wants to discourage predators from going after his sheep. he placed sheep meat with a nausea-inducing chemical; after eating it just one or two times, coyotes and wolves still ran up to lambs, but instead of attacking, they retreated, hid, and vomited. they had developed a to sheep.

They had developed a conditioned taste aversion to sheep.

Conditioned taste aversion is a type of classical conditioning in which an animal learns to associate the taste of a particular food with subsequent illness due to the consumption of poisonous or toxic substances in the food. An animal can develop a taste aversion when ingesting a particular food is followed by vomiting, nausea or illness. This trains the body of the animal to avoid further ingestion of the particular poisonous food in the future.

fertilization, pictured in figure 24.23a is the process in which gametes (an egg and sperm) fuse to form a zygote. the egg and sperm each contain one set of chromosomes. to ensure that the offspring has only one complete diploid set of chromosomes, only one sperm must fuse with one egg. in mammals, the egg is protected by a layer of extracellular matrix consisting mainly of glycoproteins called the zona pellucida. when a sperm binds to the zona pellucida, a series of biochemical events, called the acrosomal reactions, take place. in placental mammals, the acrosome contains digestive enzymes that initiate the degradation of the glycoprotein matrix protecting the egg and allowing the sperm plasma membrane to fuse with the egg plasma membrane, as illustrated in figure 24.23b. the fusion of these two membranes creates an opening through which the sperm nucleus is transferred into the ovum. the nuclear membranes of the egg and sperm break down and the two haploid genomes condense to form a diploid genome.

explanation:

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