As an overall average, about of the energy at one trophic level is available to the next-highest rank in the food chain.

Chinese privet is a plant that is native to china. over 150 years ago, chinese privet was introduced to the united states as a fast-growing shrub that serves as an excellent privacy hedge. with no natural herbivore, chinese privet quickly established itself and spread in natural areas throughout the southeast and eastern seaboard of the united states. its dominance in these areas has jeopardized the survival of native plant species. chinese privet provides evidence that introducing non-native organisms can cause environmental damage integrated pest management strategies will not decrease chinese privet populations american gardeners can easily control the spread of chinese privet non-native plant species have type i survivorship curves

Which would happen if more forests were cut down? a. the nitrogen cycle would be stopped b. nitrogen would be fixed by bacteria more quickly c. the amount of co2 in the atmosphere would increase d. fossil fuels would build up in the soil c the amount of co2 in the atmosphere would increase

Asquirrel population lives in an area. over many years, a river in that area grows wider and stronger, eventually forming a canyon. the squirrel populations on the two sides of the canyon can no longer mate with each other and ultimately form distinct species. this is an example of