Aparent is trying to reinforce a baby to pick up a banner and wave it. the baby keeps picking up the banner and placing it in his mouth. what is keeping the baby from learning to wave the banner?

Biological predisposition of learning

Explanation:

There are some inbuilt likeliness towards doing a work even when subjected to external stimuli. This tendency is known as Biological predisposition of learning. A person (here the baby) will wave the banner only when he/she is exposed to desired stimuli. Since the parents are not aware of those desired stimuli conditions, they are unable to make the baby wave the banner even though he/she picks up the banner.

Thus, "Biological predisposition of learning" is keeping the baby from learning to wave the banner

enzyme active site and substrate specificity

enzymes bind with chemical reactants called substrates. there may be one or more substrates for each type of enzyme, depending on the particular chemical reaction. in some reactions, a single-reactant substrate is broken down into multiple products