25 pointsbiology at least 4 sentences a plant releases water through the stomata in its leaves. as water evaporates from the leaves, more water is pulled up from roots through the stem and into the leaves. this process is called transpiration and allows the plant to pull needed water and nutrients from the soil. you decide to do an experiment to determine how much water a plant can take up in a certain amount of time. what is your tested or measured variable? what are your controlled variables or what factors do you need to hold constant?

Root hair cell cytoplasm  // Soil water

Explanation:

Water moves through the xylem vessels in a continuous transpiration stream:

root → stem → leaf

Transpiration produces a tension or ‘pull’ on the water in the xylem vessels by the leaves. Water molecules are cohesive so water is pulled up through the plant.

The transpiration stream has several functions. These include:

transporting mineral ions

providing water to keep cells turgid in order to support the plant

providing water to leaf cells for photosynthesis

keeping the leaves cool by evaporation

Root hair cells

The root hairs are where most water absorption happens. They are long and thin so they can penetrate between soil particles, and they have a large surface area for absorption of water.

Water passes from the soil water to the root hair cell’s cytoplasm by osmosis. This happens because the soil water has a higher water potential than the root hair cell cytoplasm:

SolutionWater potentialConcentration of dissolved solutes

Soil waterHighLow

Root hair cell cytoplasmLowHigh

Osmosis causes water to pass into the root hair cells, through the root cortex and into the xylem vessels