What is a homozygous condition resulting in the formation of abnormal hemoglobin that distorts certain blood cells known as?

Sickle cell anemia

The formation of abnormal hemoglobin that distorts certain blood cells is a condition called sickle cell anemia. It has a crescent shape resembling to a sickle that makes it sticky, rigid, and prone to being trapped in small vessels that blocks the blood from reaching to different parts of the body. 

In addition, this is a genetic disease of the red blood cells with an autosomal recessive condition and you need to have two copies of the gene to have the disease.

b - the respond is innate and varies over time.

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