What impact has calligraphy had on world art?

Calligraphy have different impacts on world art.

For example, it has a huge impact in Islamic cultures since literal images are mostly forbidden, thus, words are the main expression of art.

In Western culture, the monks of the middles ages greatly influenced by copying their texts and illustrating them.

On the other hand, the words are essentially pictographs in Oriental calligraphy.

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why are there few examples of totem poles from before 1900

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