As a young child, Melissa spent the night with her grandparents on several occasions. Early in the morning, Melissa would awaken to the smell of coffee, get out of bed, and enjoy a fantastic homemade breakfast her grandmother had fixed. As an adult, Melissa does not drink coffee, but whenever she goes down the coffee isle at the grocery store, she has a warm, fuzzy feeling.

What is the Unconditioned Stimulus for Melissa in this example?

walking down the coffee isle

getting out of bed

the smell of coffee at Grandma’s house

eating a delicious breakfast

i'm not sure i completely understand your question, but i will do my best.

i think the answer you are looking for is sequence. (see below)

a repeated melodic fragment would be best defined as repetition, while repeated chords (different or the same) could be a chord progression. however, you then mentioned the chord and melodic fragment beginning on higher or lower pitches, in that case, the answer could be best defined as a sequence. the definition of a sequence is as follows: "the restatement of a motif or longer melodic (or harmonic) passage at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice."

let me know if this !