Mateo is listening to a song through one earbud. He repeats the lyrics to himself as he tries to learn the song. He doesn’t hear the conversation going on right next to him until his name is mentioned. What concepts explain what Mateo does and doesn’t hear?

Selective listening, shadowing and selective attention

Explanation:

Selective-listening - this is the process of filtering hearing in which we hear only what we want and what we find relevant.

This is present in this case, as Mateo doesn't hear other parts of the conversation until his name is mentioned. Therefore, he only wants to hear things about himself and finds only that part of the conversation relevant, without hearing the rest.

Shadowing - this is the process in which the message is repeated out loud in order to learn it, while other stimuli go on in the background. This process of testing is used to study the attention, and to see what a person hears from the outside stimuli, as well as what can they remember from the message they are repeating and learning it.

In this particular case, this is used when Mateo is repeating the lyrics while people talk in the background.

Selective attention - this is the process of filtering out stuff one pays attention to and focusing only on the particular object for a particular amount of time. The person processes what they find important in one period, and focus on that until something that matters more comes.

Mateo is focusing firstly on a song until his selective listening hears some other stimuli, and then his attention is focused on the other conversation.

i'm not sure i completely understand your question, but i will do my best.

i think the answer you are looking for is sequence. (see below)

a repeated melodic fragment would be best defined as repetition, while repeated chords (different or the same) could be a chord progression. however, you then mentioned the chord and melodic fragment beginning on higher or lower pitches, in that case, the answer could be best defined as a sequence. the definition of a sequence is as follows: "the restatement of a motif or longer melodic (or harmonic) passage at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice."

let me know if this !