Which artists departed from the traditional notion of beauty by painting different views of an object and bringing them together in one work

This sounds most like the artistic approach of cubism. A revolutionary approach to painting introduced in the early 20th century by such painters as Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque and later represented and innovated upon in works by Robert Delaunay, Jean Metzinger, Fernand Leger, and others, cubism brings different views of a subject, often objects or figures, together into the plane of a single picture, creating an image that appears fragmented and abstracted. A cubist painting might join a profile of a man' ear to a front perspective of his mouth and jaw as if the viewer could hold both perspectives at once. It introduced a new approach to portraying three-dimensionality in the visual arts.