Sometimes when the boss doesn't given enough information, her employees start to fill in the gaps of information with their own ideas . why? (hint: remember what you learned about gestalt psychology.) a) humans are naturally inclined to fact-find. b) it's easier to pretend to know something even if you don't. c) the human mind naturally seeks order and patterns to find answers. d) it's natural social order to be concerned about vagueness.

the answer to the question is punishment. or more specifically, positive punishment.

positive punishment occurs when a behavior is given a negative consequence for the individual doing the behavior.

sara no longer wants to ask questions (the behavior) because she is ridiculed by mr. smith (the punishment).

reinforcement is inaccurate because reinforcement always gives positive consequences for the individual doing the behavior, be it by introducing a pleasant consequence or removing an unpleasant one.