Mr. Smith is a new high school math teacher. Before the school year begins, he asks his colleagues to review a list of students in his class in an attempt to gather information about his incoming students. As he begins teaching, Mr. Smith struggles with managing student behavior in the classroom. In particular, he has difficulty helping his students focus on their assignments and cooperate during group work. Explain how Mr. Smith might use each of the following to be more successful in managing his students’ behavior.

Superordinate goals
Metacognition
Token economy