1. What benefits does a strong presidency provide to a representative democracy? 2. Why does a weak executive create a bad government?
3. What are four ingredients of an energetic executive?
4. What, according to Hamilton, is the most necessary quality for a president?
5. What are characteristics of the legislative branch? Why do these characteristics provide evidence for a unified executive?
6. What problems might arise if the presidency were split between two people?

For review 1. in terms of which government is sovereign, differentiate among a unitary system, a confed- eral system, and a federal system of government. 2. to which level of government does the constitution distribute the enumerated po implied powers? concurrent powers? reserved powers? provide several power. 3. what matters fall within the scope of state sovereignty? differentiate among dual federalism, cooperative federalism, centralized federalism, and conflicted federalism. how does the national government use grants-in-aid, mandates, and preemption to direct the policy of state and local governments? 6. what do we mean by intergovernmental relations? why is the term a good description of u.s. federalism today? 7. list several advantages and several disadvantages of a federal system.