Describe gestalt psychologists’ understanding of perceptual organization. In doing so, explain how figure-ground and grouping principles aid in perception. In your response, explain how the Necker cube is an example of a figure-ground concept.

These psychologists study how the brain organizes gestalt's. By pointing out that the whole may exceed the sum of its parts, they noted that we filter sensory information and construct perceptions. To recognize something we first have to perceive it and distinguish it from its surroundings. We order the stimuli  by organizing it into meaningful groups using categories such as,  proximity, continuity, and closure. The Necker cube provides evidence that by focusing on different parts of the figure, one can force a more stable perception of the cube demonstrating the figure ground principle of consistent interpretation.

Explanation:

the answer to the question is punishment. or more specifically, positive punishment.

positive punishment occurs when a behavior is given a negative consequence for the individual doing the behavior.

sara no longer wants to ask questions (the behavior) because she is ridiculed by mr. smith (the punishment).

reinforcement is inaccurate because reinforcement always gives positive consequences for the individual doing the behavior, be it by introducing a pleasant consequence or removing an unpleasant one.