Using the excerpt, answer (a), (b), and (c).

Briefly explain ONE cause of the development depicted in the excerpt.

Briefly explain ONE purpose of the excerpt.

Briefly explain ONE way in which the historical situation of the excerpt is significant for a historical argument about the effect of Reconstruction (1865–1877) on African Americans.

The arctic is a cold deset biome, which one of the answers is not correct? a) animals in cold deserts burrow to get out of the harsh climates. b) vegetation in cold deserts is normally shallow rooted small shrubs. c) animals in cold deserts hibernate most of the year to get out of the cold. d) soils are very heavy and course. e) the region receives less than 10 inches of precipitation annually.